12 Types of Language

12 Types of Language 12 Types of Language 12 Types of Language By Mark Nichol An assortment of terms recognize the sorts of dialects and vocabularies that exist outside the standard of standard, formal language. Here are twelve words and expressions that indicate explicit thoughts of language utilization. 1. Parlance A parlance is a language essentially created to camouflage discussion, initially due to a criminal undertaking, however the term is likewise utilized freely to allude to casual language. 2. Cant Cant is to some degree equal with lingo and language and alludes to the jargon of an in-bunch that utilizes it to bamboozle or prohibit nonusers. 3. Conversational Language Anything not utilized in formal composition or discussion, including terms that may fall under at least one of the vast majority of different classifications in this rundown, is an idiom. Casual and expression might be seen to be derisive terms, yet they just allude to casual phrasing. Casual language whether words, colloquial expressions, or adages is regularly locally explicit; for instance, minor departure from the term â€Å"carbonated beverage† including pop, pop, and coke contrast in different zones of the United States. 4. Creole A creole is an increasingly complex advancement of a pidgin, got from at least two parent dialects and utilized by individuals all ages as a local language. 5. Vernacular A vernacular is a method of talking dependent on topographical or social components. 6. Language Language is a group of words and expressions that apply to a particular action or calling, for example, a specific artistic expression or athletic or recreational undertaking, or a clinical or logical subject. Language is frequently vital for accuracy when alluding to methods and materials basic to a specific interest. In any case, in certain fields, language is utilized to an extreme and unnecessary degree, regularly to disguise reality or delude or reject outcasts. Different sorts of language infamous for impeding as opposed to encouraging correspondence are given names regularly annexed with - ese or - talk, for example, bureaucratese or corporate-talk. 7. Dialect This term dubiously alludes to the discourse of a specific network or gathering and is along these lines freely equal with a large number of different words in this rundown. 8. Most widely used language A most widely used language is a language regularly embraced as a typical tongue to empower correspondence between speakers of discrete dialects, however pidgins and creoles, the two admixtures of at least two dialects, are additionally viewed as lingua francas. 9. Patois Patois alludes freely to a nonstandard language, for example, a creole, a tongue, or a pidgin, with an undertone of the speakers’ social mediocrity to the individuals who communicate in the standard language. 10. Pidgin An improved language emerging from the endeavors of individuals communicating in various dialects to convey is a pidgin. These dialects for the most part create to encourage exchange between individuals without a typical language. In time, pidgins regularly develop into creoles. 11. Slang A jargon of terms (at any rate at first) utilized in a particular subculture is slang. Slang terms, either designed words or those whose implications are adjusted to new detects, create out of a subculture’s want to mask or reject others from their discussions. As US society turns out to be more youth situated and progressively homogenous, slang turns out to be increasingly boundless in use, and subcultures constantly develop new slang as more seasoned terms are appropriated by the standard populace. 12. Vernacular A vernacular is a local language or lingo, instead of another tongue likewise being used, for example, Spanish, French, or Italian and their lingos when contrasted with their mom language, Latin. Then again, a vernacular is a lingo itself when contrasted with a standard language (however it ought to be recalled that a standard language is essentially a tongue or blend of lingos that has come to prevail). Need to improve your English shortly a day? Get a membership and begin getting our composing tips and activities day by day! Continue learning! Peruse the Vocabulary classification, check our mainstream posts, or pick a related post below:100 Words for Facial ExpressionsConfusing Went with Past20 Clipped Forms and Their Place (If Any) in Formal Writing

Homotherium - Facts and Figures

Importance of SHRM for Organization-Free-Samples for Students

Question: What is Strategic Human Resource Management Explain why SHRM is significant for Organizational achievement give model and proof to help your contentions. Answer: Presentation (Purcell Boxall, 2015) Highlights the association between Human Resource Management and vital administration. The researchers interface Strategic Human Resource Management (SHRM) to hierarchical capacities, authority, strategies and practices. This outline reveals existing holes in fundamental HRM. Among the issues is the powerlessness to adapt to the changing worldwide condition. This detachment among HR and vital needs in an association clarifies the rise of a nitty gritty way to deal with contemporary HRM. By clarifying the job of HRM as a huge piece of authoritative methodologies, the creators draw out its significance in making a serious edge(Purcell Boxall, 2015, p. 57). In the contemporary business world, organizations consistently improve new thoughts utilizing mindfulness, duty and savvy projections methods. This gives them acknowledgment and better open doors in the serious system(SenGupta, 2011). Globalization is the purpose behind various changes in the administration fra meworks. Its effect in worker the executives addresses people drawing out the best in human capital. Utilizing the case of Vodafone New Zealand, this paper characterizes SHRM in a worldwide domain. It examines SHRM components in particular, hierarchical execution, advertise rivalry and hindrances fruitful usage of SHRM. By 2014, Vodafone New Zea Land had an income for each worker at $728, 400 (Keall, 2014). This was higher than what its rivals Spark and 2 Degrees had. In spite of this gigantic commitment from its workers, the brand likewise has an eminent conservation plan. SHRM guarantees that its representatives don't squander their ability after such occupation misfortunes. The majority of its workers have attractive IT abilities, which may introduce difficulties like aptitudes crisscross and adjustment to change Execution Management and HRM Execution the executives turns out to be better with HRM yet SHRM includes more worth. Research connects superior with worker mentalities like trust and occupation satisfaction(Xian, Lewis, Atkinson, 2017). HRM rehearses empower useful bury connections between the administrators and their groups. Therefore, HRM gives functional answers for work force the executives. It does this by making a stage for fruitful administration rehearses. Vodafone has had its a lot of difficulties with regards to adjusting great work force practices and execution costs(McBeth, 2014). As the countrys driving supplier of media transmission benefits, the brand needs to adjust its tasks and capacities successfully. Increasing an edge over rivals in business is a constant procedure that takes determined steps(Riccucci, 2016, p. 14). Having perceived that business associations have a lifecycle, a compelling presentation the executives plan needs to include a constant procedure whose center is the HR drifts in the worldwide environment(Purcell Boxall, 2015, p. 41). Execution rotates around the essentials of HRM. Preparing As associations endeavor to accomplish abilities in various capacities, it needs to take advantage of people groups gifts. The way toward building a trustworthy and qualified staff requires an ability the board plan. Preparing is one approach to enhance aptitude insufficiencies in an association. It guarantees that Vodafone representatives can coordinate the innovation frameworks in the business. The infiltration of associations like Vodafone into the New Zealand advertises regularly finds the new locale expertly unprepared(Keall, 2014). At the point when this occurs, the association may decide to prepare new staff with the normal aptitudes, or import abilities in type of ostracizes. This costs cash and it has its own difficulties. Adjusting the representative interests with the hierarchical needs is vital. Representatives must feel the inspiration to participate in this turn of events. Some portion of Vodafone NZ activities is in innovation development(Vodafone New Zealand Foundation, 2017). This isn't only for CSR however for building up an educated society, that turns into a standard purchaser. Its corporate authority plan fuses support for innovation advancement issues among the youth(Crook, Todd, Combs, Woehr, Ketchen Jr, 2011). Having a comprehension of the qualities of the populace empowers Vodafone to focus on the talented workforce in innovation. The youthful age is the perfect center in light of they are enthused about innovation items and administrations. Social hindrances in Multinationals Organization cutbacks in multinationals is a typical event due to the vulnerabilities in the worldwide markets (Higginbottom, 2016). Brands face a test of changing the worldwide customers mentality with new thoughts. Social obstructions are at the inside phase of this issue. One approach to take care of the issue of multifaceted obstacles is by having an enhanced work power. The confinement of worldwide organizations by recruiting more representatives from the host nation gives it a worldwide picture. Fusing the neighborhood network makes the brand adequate and it carries advantages to the nearby network. A more critical glance at Vodafone NZ uncovers that it is a portion of the primary worldwide brand. Inside its district of New Zealand, It likewise has numerous divisions. The administration of such complex associations requires HR methodologies to confine its difficulties. The merger between the worldwide Vodafone and Australias TelstraClear prompted an expansion in the quantity of staff and different cultures(Herald, 2012). The administration of these workers requires a bound together HR framework planned with a multicultural methodology that handles language obstructions and social clashes. SHRM forestalls segregation dependent on social practices in a situation where psychological warfare components originate from religion. Pay frameworks Workers who leave worldwide associations like Vodafone secure it hard finding positions that pay at a similar level. This is on the grounds that the brand has set up unrivaled compensation bundles and remunerations for its laborers. First rate experts scan for employments in capable worldwide associations as a result of the work experience(Onichabor, 2017). A decent domain is one in which a representative appreciates a decent relational relationship. Vodafones presentation to IT applications puts its workers at a serious edge in the business and past. The brand gives a solid establishment to ability improvement and it gives the laborer an open door for learning and systems administration. Subsequently, its remuneration plan needs to think about the representative skills, work understanding and expert preparing. This is in accordance with universal work laws. In any case, New Zealand likewise has its work and industry laws(Flides, 2017). These may contrast from its nation of source in Britain. In spite of the fact that the UK and New Zealand share various social qualities, the presentation of Vodafone in the new area in 1993 realized a few changes in the people groups way of life. Innovation in correspondence changes the general public giving it a worldwide outlook(Castells, 2011). Vodafone New Zealand representatives from nations outside the area traverse fringes so as to offer their expert abilities. Thus, they get fiscal and non-money related bundles as an inspirational factor. Among these is the medical advantage spread for representatives and their relatives. In current authoritative administration, social decent variety is a significant worry for the administrati on and preparing in language is a non-money related advantage (Barton Diane, 2011) SHRM Factors Corporate Leadership Administration in business is adds to execution rehearses from various perspectives. Its effect influences workers, directors and the administration frameworks of the association. Vodafone NZ is an enormous association with various administration posts. The arrangement of pioneers from various branches and offices calls for vital coordination. Quality administration from its top gives guidance at each level. Redirection in type of rebuilding and rethinking the brand shapes the corporate culture (Beer, Boselie, Brewster, 2015). The way that Vodafone NZ has differing item sections and administrations implies it requires a viable authority plan for all partners. SHRM advocates for the inclusion of representatives as a major aspect of these changes. The presence of the brand in an enterprise domain where plans of action receive imaginative methodologies is delicate in light of the fact that driving brands poach gifted work force from contenders. Vodafone NZ turns into a pioneer through an alternate degree of thinking(Kanter, 2011). Turning into a business chief methods the association needs. Winning associations put resources into CSR rehearses, which increase the value of the buyer just as the worker. Vodafone NZ as the main in broadcast communications sets a corporate authority model, which actualizes association laws and promoters for regard to human rights (Midllemiss, 2017). Benchmarking The technique empowers brands to grasp dynamic change in the dynamic market framework. Line supervisors associate individual specialists and the HRM in an association (Alfes, Truss, Soane, Rees, Gatenby, 2013). HR rehearses empower task execution just as self-improvement. Accordingly, associations need auxiliary systems, which rouse the individual representatives. Vodafone NZ recreates the Vodafone Groups wellbeing and security tactics(Vodafone, 2014). As a fundamental belief, the technique guarantees that the activities ensure representatives in a wide range of assignments. Engraved in the authoritative culture, this methodology gives the brand acknowledgment among its rivals as far as hazard the executives, word related security, and temporary worker the board. In SHRM, benchmarking advocates for databased the board choices that improve the framework, item, administration quality through process(ELMO, 2015). Basically, the HR group tries to investigate effectiveness, singular exhibitions, unit proportions and piecemeal changes. This prompts dynamic change as the

SAT Test Dates 2015 - 2016

SAT Test Dates 2015 - 2016 SAT/ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips We present data about SAT test datesfor the 2015-2016 school year here. We likewise connection to our top articles that you should peruse before choosing a test date. Table: 2015-2016SAT Test Dates and Deadlines The 2015-2016 school year's test dates, ordinary enrollment cutoff times, late enlistment cutoff times, and score accessibility are posted beneath. Test Date NormalDeadline Late Registration Online Score Release October 3, 2015 September 3, 2015 September 22, 2015 October 22, 2015 November 7, 2015 October 9, 2015 October 27, 2015 November 26, 2015 December 5, 2015 November 5, 2015 November 23, 2015 December 24, 2015 January 23, 2016 December 28, 2015 January 12, 2016 February 11, 2016 Walk 5, 2016 * February5, 2016 February 23, 2016 May 10, 2016 May 7, 2016 * April 8, 2016 April 26, 2016 June 14, 2016 June 4, 2016 * May 5, 2016 May 25, 2016 July 12, 2016 * = New SAT Test Dates for all tests March 2016 and forward - see note beneath The College Board oversees the SAT on Saturdays, with more tests offered in the fall. On the off chance that you can't step through the examination on Saturday for strict or different reasons, Sunday substitute dates are generally accessible. Visual Calendar of 2015 and 2016 Dates You shouldn't simply put down the following date that is accessible. To pick the best test dates for you actually, we have made a full guide for you for SAT test date choice. To begin with, here arefour test date factors you ought to consider. Second, you should prepare and consider whether you need to take the SAT more than once. (Note: the outline beneath depends on more established expectations, so while the test dates are precise, allude above to the offical table for precisely exact Normal and Late Deadline Dates) (C) 2015 PrepScholar Inc, Use with Link to PrepScholar.com Allowed You can unmistakably observe a couple of things right away: SAT test dates are firmly grouped in the fall. In Spring 2016 the dates were considerably more spread out, except for May/June. It's hard to take two SATs in succession: when the score comes out, the late enrollment date has just passed. In addition, you'll need to prepare to capitalize on a re-test. Caution: SAT Test Dates May ChangeSign up to Receive Free Updates /<![CDATA[ hbspt.forms.create({ portalId: '360031', formId: '2167ba30-e68e-4777-b88d-8bf3c84579af', formInstanceId: '3', submitButtonClass: 'center buy in button', target: '.buy in center', redirectUrl: 'http://ww2.prepscholar.com/blog-buy in bless your heart', css: '.buy in center .hs-form.stacked mark {display:none;} .buy in center .hs-form.stacked .field div.input {padding-top: 290px; cushioning left: 40px;} .buy in center .hs-input {width: 220px} .buy in center .btn-essential, .hs-button.primary {margin-top:0px; cushioning left:350px} .buy in center .hs-structure field {margin-bottom:10px}' }); /]]> What's Next? The following stage after you've made sense of which dates you need is to enroll for the SAT (read our bit by bit guidance here). Likewise, in the event that you need to score well, you ought to think about the various approaches to prepare for the sat. We consider the advantages and disadvantages of various prep techniques with our free digital book. Notes about New SAT and Accuracy All the SATsfrom March 2016 forward are in the New SAT (out of 1600) position. Since these tests were all the while being effectively evolved by the College Board, they were particularly obligated for vacillation - much after legitimate College Board annouces them officially. Very late College Board date changes can and do happen generally, so we support you pursue our free notifcation through our blog. We'll watch out for changes so you don't need to! Different Articles You May Be Interested In Future Years' SAT Test Dates The most effective method to Choose the Best SAT Test Dates (refreshed!) Frustrated with your scores? Need to improve your SAT score by 160 points?We've composed a guide about the main 5 techniques you should use to have a taken shots at improving your score. Download it with the expectation of complimentary at this point:

Online Shopping Buyer Behaviour in Fashion industry Dissertation

Web based Shopping Buyer Behavior in Fashion industry - Dissertation Example The paper Web based Shopping Buyer Behavior in Fashion industry will investigate the contrasts between the customary retail showcasing and internet shopping in the design business. The principle contrasts between the conventional and internet shopping inclinations for style items incorporate showcase, cost, area, correspondence and innovation. Undoubtedly, the conventional style shopping offered the purchasers a chance to contact and handle design items truly when they are keen on something. This had the advantage of the purchaser guaranteeing that the item is of high caliber and that it is tough. This was exceptionally helpful to the style item purchasers. Then again, internet looking for style items doesn't offer the buyer a possibility of getting into physical contact with the items. Rather, the purchaser should be placated with the graphical presentations, pictures and the content portrayals for the items. This has the impact of guaranteeing that planned clients would prefer to p urchase from the customary design retailers as opposed to the cutting edge online style retailer. Costs are additionally significant determinants and number of elements exist that design item retailers need to place into mind. One of the variables is that while the customary retailers must search for suitable premises that will pull in clients, the online retailers don't need to search for premises. Consequently, the customary retailers should bring about numerous costs for setting up the organizations.

From Budget to Baller 6 Tips to Grow Your Money

From Budget to Baller 6 Tips to Grow Your Money From Budget to Baller: 6 Tips to Grow Your Money From Budget to Baller: 6 Tips to Grow Your MoneyIf you want an  investment portfolio, retirement fund and a boat, great! You can get it. But, youll need to  get your short-term finances together first. That means making a budget and building an emergency fund.We reached out to personal finance expert Angel Radcliffe (@MissRMBA), owner of  CAS Consultants, for some simple beginner’s advice. She gave us six great tips that will help any money newbie get the basics right today so you can start investing tomorrow.1. Budget“Work on your personal budget, Angel says. Before investing, you must learn to budget and save money for emergencies.”No matter what your financial goals are, it all starts with building a sensible budget. That way, you know how much money you’re spending as well as what you’re spending it on, and you can start making plans to rein in your expenses and set some of that money aside.If you think you need help building a budget, there are a ton of apps out there (some of which are totally free) that can help you through the process. To start your search, check out our Personal Finance App Directory, where we have an entire section on apps for budgeting.Angel also mentions saving money for emergencies, which is a  commonly overlooked part of building your long-term wealth. Starting and maintaining an emergency fundâ€"one where you’re not worried about accruing interest and can easily access the money when you need itâ€"gives your finances a crucial guardrail against unexpected expenses.Without money set aside for emergencies, you could end up dipping into your  savings to pay those bills, wiping out all your hard work. And that’s not even the  worst thing that could happen. If you don’t have an emergency fund or an investment account, you could end up in the clutches of a predatory lender. An emergency fund will help protect you from unsafe bad credit loans, like payday loans and title loans,  which can trap you in dangerous cycle of d ebt.2. Pay Yourself FirstThe point of a budget isn’t just to track your spending, it’s to change the way you spend entirely. When you make a budget, you should be curbing your expenses and setting aside those extra funds for saving and investments. After all, you can’t start investing if you’re spending every dollar you earn. Angel advises, “Control your spending and personal debt; this allows you to know how much room you have to invest.”This brings us to a little principle called “Pay Yourself First,” which is a way to reorder how you approach budgeting. Rather than waiting until the end of the budgeting process to see how much money you can square away, make it your first priority. You’re paying “yourself” just like youre paying your landlord or your credit card company or your electricity provider. You’re treating your own financial well-being with the importance it deserves.Another helpful tip for managing your budget priorities is to follow the 50/30/20 . According to this rule, you spend 50 percent of your budget on “needs” like rent, utilities, groceries, etc; you spend 30 percent of your budget on “wants” like dining out, going to the movies, and new clothes; and you spend 20 percent of your budget on your savings and your investments.Not everyone is going to be able to stick exactly to those ratios. But if you can get your budget close, you’re going to be set-up for long-term financial success.(For more on Pay Yourself First, check out our free course How to Save on OppUâ€"our personal finance curriculum. We included the Pay Yourself First content from Lesson 4 below. Check it out or visit OppU for more!)Sweep Away Your Debt With a Debt Avalanche3. Save Every Way You Can!You know how people say “there’s no such thing as free money?” Well, generally that’s true. But when it comes to an employer 401k matching program, your employer is literally offering you free money. It’s an exception that you should be taki ng full advantage of.It works like this: Your employer pledges to match any contribution you make up to a certain amount, usually expressed as a percentage of your paycheck. For example, an employer offering a 3 percent match will be matching any funds you put into your account up to 3 percent of your paycheck.That money will accrue interest over time, and while it might not accrue a lot per year, that interest will really add up over the course of 30 to 50 yearsâ€"just in time for you to start withdrawing funds after you retire.If your employer’s offering matching funds, then do everything in your power to make the room in your budget. It’s as simple as that.“Take advantage of your employer 401k match program, Angel says. Contribute the max if possible. No free money left behind!”Obviously, if you don’t work a job where your employer offers a 401k retirement savings account with matching funds, this won’t apply to you. But for those of you who do, this advice is a must. 4. Make your money work!“Once you have a flow of saving and paying bills timely, Angel says, see how much more you can contribute to investing, maybe an additional  one to five percent into an IRA and/or stocks.”It’s important that you take care of your emergency funds and your cash flow before you worry about investing. Failing to build up those funds or forgetting to pay a bill on time could lead to immediate financial trouble. It could negatively impact your credit or even lead to you taking out one or more sketchy no credit check loans from an unsavory lender.Make a schedule that lets you know when all your bills are due. Set reminders on your phone and on your digital calendar. Better yet, automate your bills through your bank’s online portal. That way, even if you forget to pay a bill, it’ll still get paid.(This doesn’t mean that you should stop paying attention to your bills. It’s just a very handy stop-gap in case you forget.)Cash flow is all about having the m oney you need when you need it.  If you have too many bills that are due during a single period try calling your lender or utility company and arranging a new due date. Most of them will be happy to help you, especially if you have a good payment history.Once you’ve built up your savings to account for unforeseen expenses, look at diverting some of those funds towards investments or see where else you can tweak your budget to free up additional monies. If you’ve gotten this far into the process, you should already be a budgeting master. As Angel advises, look  to contribute an additional one to five percent.While you could put that money directly into your 401k, most financial advisors will tell you to invest it elsewhere. 401ks are great for getting those matching funds, but their lower interest yields mean that your additional money might be more useful elsewhere.If you’re already maxing out your matching funds or your employer doesn’t offer a 401k, you should look at ope ning an individual investment account or IRA. The yearly contribution limit for an IRA is $5,500, or $6,500 for people over 50. Depending on the type of account, you can either contribute money post-tax or you can use pre-tax dollars which you’ll then pay tax on when you withdraw the funds down the road. Another option besides an IRA is to invest in stocks.5. Be Realistic.Youve budgeted, built up a savings, and gotten your arms around all your bills and expenses. Excellent! You  are now  in the enviable position to  be able to invest some of your income. This is great news! But make sure your expectations are realistic. Angel cautions that we should, Understand investing is a risk and may not always be a reward.”    This is especially true when it comes to investing in in the stock market.When you are making an investment or buying stock in the company, you are doing so with the expectation that your investment will grow. However, there is  always the chance that your investment won’t yield any results at all.Even relatively safe accounts like a 401k or a Roth IRA or a pension are subject to changes in the stock market. Remember in 2008 when the stock market tanked and all those folks had their retirement savings decimated? Hopefully, we wont see another crash like that in our lifetime, but its certainly possible.Investing can come with great rewards, but that’s only because it also carries risk. Remember that.6. Get Coaching.If you’re reading this article, you’re probably hoping for a 100 percent DIY solution to your problem. But even if you can make great progress on your own, it’s still advisable to talk with a real financial professional. Angel recommends it too: “Speak with an advisor or financial professional to gain a better understanding.”Check with your bank or credit card companies to see if they offer any free sessions with an advisor. You can also look for local programs in your community. Once you’ve found someone, make sure to check online to see whether or not other people have had a good experience.Even if you have to pay for a session with a financial advisor, it could still be a very worthwhile investment. Make sure you come in prepared, ask a lot of questions, and help them help you get on the path to a brighter financial future.What questions do you have about getting to the next financial level? We want to know!  You can  email us  or you can find us on  Facebook  and  Twitter.ContributorsAngel Radcliffe,  (@MissRMBA) MBA is a Public Speaker, Author, Motivator Entrepreneur.  She is the owner of  CAS Consultants, a boutique consulting firm in Dallas, TX focusing on ‘Empowering Entrepreneurs Through Financial Management’. Ms. Radcliffe is a recipient of the National Financial Educators Award is dedicated to educating the community on Financial Literacy â€" Credit Budget Management for Consumers Small Businesses.

Violence and Media Research Paper - 1650 Words

Violence and Media (Research Paper Sample) Content: Students Name:Course:Tutor:Date:Violence and MediaViolent activities have been in the human societies for long periods of time. Currently, increasing violence in the society is one of the main problems affecting the modern society. It is now easier for most people to access explosives and firearms, which make the efficiency and scope of violent activities in the society to have serious consequences. In recent years, there have been several reports of school shootings. The rate of adolescent homicide cases has also escalated at high rates. The major causes of youth violence include several variables such as psychiatric disorders, youths exposure to community violence, poverty, child abuse and substance use. However, the recent research literature has shown that the increased rate of violent behavior among the youths has been influenced by their exposure to media violence. Even though it is hard to determine the number of children affected by media violence, research s hows that media violence is a major factor influencing violent activities in the youths. How dangerous is violence, media to youths and kids? In trying to answer this question, this essay will discuss violence media and its effects on youths. The paper will also provide possible solutions on how parents can control the amount of influence that media has on their kids.In a research done in 2009 by the American Academy of Pediatrics, media violence contributes to nightmares and aggressive behavior to the victim. A report released by ISRA on media violence shows that many studies have been conducted, which have shown that watching violent movies and television programs affect the mind of the consumer, which increase their chances of developing aggressive behavior. Published meta-analysis of the effects of violent video games on the player shows that an exposure to violent games makes the player have an aggressive cognition, aggressive affect, aggressive behavior and decreased pro-socia l behavior and empathy (Sparks, 107). Experts claim that in most homicide cases, the victim and victimizers know each other pretty well, have conflict going on and have a weapon with them. However, in rare cases, hit men kill strangers.Professional pediatrics claims that there is a lot of new evidence of how fast-paced, violent video games affect the brain functioning of the player if the player is highly exposed to them. The high exposure dampens the emotional responses of the player, while his or her executive control of external factors is decreased (Sparks, 106). However, the professional pediatrics also claims that the fast-paced video games have some positive effects to the development of the player's mind. They can improve the spatial-visual skills of the player. They also improve the ability of the player to extract any information from a source, for example, a computer screen. Media violence has been on the rise, where it has reached dangerous proportions. It does not re quire a keen observer to note that televised content and movies contain violence. One of the main effects of the increased violence in media is that it has distorted reality. The main problem is that most people live in the televised fiction, which makes fictional word to be their reality. According to research done, an average American spends approximately five hours per day watching videos, with 98% of the videos being on normal TV sets. In the modern TV programs, almost two-thirds contain physical or verbal violence.Researches also show that most video games contain some violence, with the producers receiving most of the blame. According to experts, the video game producers are only concerned about making more money, which make them ignore the age of their potential audience (Sparks, 107). Entertainment nowadays is seen as a form of propaganda for violence. In addition, violence in the media has made it easier for the gun manufacturing companies to market their guns. Gun manufact urers do not need to advertise their product since it has already been made by the entertainment industry. In defending their argument that violence in the media does not affect youths, some people question how televised violence can result in aggressive behavior in an adolescent. However, researchers have shown that young children have a tendency of imitating the aggressive acts they see on their televisions when playing with their peers (Sparks, 107). Before children reach four years, they are not in a position to differentiate fact from fantasy, which makes them see violence as a norm. The violence shown in movies and television shows a method of conflict resolution, which is frequent, inconsequential and efficient.In all movies, heroes are usually violent, where they are considered heroes due to their violent behavior. These heroes are always seen as role models by the youths. Youths see it cool to carry explosive or automatic weapons to beat the bad guys. Even though most movie s show typical scenarios where the hero uses violence for the right cause, youths may translate this into their daily lives. Thus, they can easily use violence when dealing with anyone they perceive victimizers, justifying their actions. Hence, an adolescent who has been offended may result to using violence as a way of solving problems (Kirsh, 214). It is so unfortunate that the media shows very few, if any, nonviolent ways of solving the conflict. Additionally, youths who are used to televised violence become desensitized to it, where they see it as part of their lives.Children and youths are exposed to new ways of violence. In a recent study, about 15% of music videos show interpersonal violence. Children and youths are also subjected to violence through video games and the web. Even though there is no much evidence on the amount of violence that the internet contain, there is great concern about websites that may be of great influence to youths. For instance, there are sites tha t provide information on how one can create an explosive device. Other sites reveal how one can easily acquire firearms (Kirsh, 214). Experts have also researched on how violent video games affect children and adolescents. According to experts, violent video game characters can be seen as role-models by some youths. For example, players in the Grand Theft Auto have a false belief of heroism in them, where they try to emulate some of the activities in the game. This is a great concern to the experts, who believe that video game players as well as television viewers should always be passive.Managing violence in kidsThe good news is that parents can control how violence in media affects their kids. Even though experts claim that there is no factor that can make a nonviolent person aggressive, violent behavior in kids can be facilitated by the kids heavy exposure to aggressive media. Adolescents exposed to a lot of many risk factors such as conflict at home and aggression in their paren ts have a high likelihood of behaving in an aggressive manner.However, parents can expose their kids to the media that show and reflect their personal values. The recommended media should also object stuff that does not reflect the personal values of the parents. Media and technology offers great benefits to the human race, which include the ability to teach them valuable skills. One of the ways how a parent can contr... Violence and Media Research Paper - 1650 Words Violence and Media (Research Paper Sample) Content: Students Name:Course:Tutor:Date:Violence and MediaViolent activities have been in the human societies for long periods of time. Currently, increasing violence in the society is one of the main problems affecting the modern society. It is now easier for most people to access explosives and firearms, which make the efficiency and scope of violent activities in the society to have serious consequences. In recent years, there have been several reports of school shootings. The rate of adolescent homicide cases has also escalated at high rates. The major causes of youth violence include several variables such as psychiatric disorders, youths exposure to community violence, poverty, child abuse and substance use. However, the recent research literature has shown that the increased rate of violent behavior among the youths has been influenced by their exposure to media violence. Even though it is hard to determine the number of children affected by media violence, research s hows that media violence is a major factor influencing violent activities in the youths. How dangerous is violence, media to youths and kids? In trying to answer this question, this essay will discuss violence media and its effects on youths. The paper will also provide possible solutions on how parents can control the amount of influence that media has on their kids.In a research done in 2009 by the American Academy of Pediatrics, media violence contributes to nightmares and aggressive behavior to the victim. A report released by ISRA on media violence shows that many studies have been conducted, which have shown that watching violent movies and television programs affect the mind of the consumer, which increase their chances of developing aggressive behavior. Published meta-analysis of the effects of violent video games on the player shows that an exposure to violent games makes the player have an aggressive cognition, aggressive affect, aggressive behavior and decreased pro-socia l behavior and empathy (Sparks, 107). Experts claim that in most homicide cases, the victim and victimizers know each other pretty well, have conflict going on and have a weapon with them. However, in rare cases, hit men kill strangers.Professional pediatrics claims that there is a lot of new evidence of how fast-paced, violent video games affect the brain functioning of the player if the player is highly exposed to them. The high exposure dampens the emotional responses of the player, while his or her executive control of external factors is decreased (Sparks, 106). However, the professional pediatrics also claims that the fast-paced video games have some positive effects to the development of the player's mind. They can improve the spatial-visual skills of the player. They also improve the ability of the player to extract any information from a source, for example, a computer screen. Media violence has been on the rise, where it has reached dangerous proportions. It does not re quire a keen observer to note that televised content and movies contain violence. One of the main effects of the increased violence in media is that it has distorted reality. The main problem is that most people live in the televised fiction, which makes fictional word to be their reality. According to research done, an average American spends approximately five hours per day watching videos, with 98% of the videos being on normal TV sets. In the modern TV programs, almost two-thirds contain physical or verbal violence.Researches also show that most video games contain some violence, with the producers receiving most of the blame. According to experts, the video game producers are only concerned about making more money, which make them ignore the age of their potential audience (Sparks, 107). Entertainment nowadays is seen as a form of propaganda for violence. In addition, violence in the media has made it easier for the gun manufacturing companies to market their guns. Gun manufact urers do not need to advertise their product since it has already been made by the entertainment industry. In defending their argument that violence in the media does not affect youths, some people question how televised violence can result in aggressive behavior in an adolescent. However, researchers have shown that young children have a tendency of imitating the aggressive acts they see on their televisions when playing with their peers (Sparks, 107). Before children reach four years, they are not in a position to differentiate fact from fantasy, which makes them see violence as a norm. The violence shown in movies and television shows a method of conflict resolution, which is frequent, inconsequential and efficient.In all movies, heroes are usually violent, where they are considered heroes due to their violent behavior. These heroes are always seen as role models by the youths. Youths see it cool to carry explosive or automatic weapons to beat the bad guys. Even though most movie s show typical scenarios where the hero uses violence for the right cause, youths may translate this into their daily lives. Thus, they can easily use violence when dealing with anyone they perceive victimizers, justifying their actions. Hence, an adolescent who has been offended may result to using violence as a way of solving problems (Kirsh, 214). It is so unfortunate that the media shows very few, if any, nonviolent ways of solving the conflict. Additionally, youths who are used to televised violence become desensitized to it, where they see it as part of their lives.Children and youths are exposed to new ways of violence. In a recent study, about 15% of music videos show interpersonal violence. Children and youths are also subjected to violence through video games and the web. Even though there is no much evidence on the amount of violence that the internet contain, there is great concern about websites that may be of great influence to youths. For instance, there are sites tha t provide information on how one can create an explosive device. Other sites reveal how one can easily acquire firearms (Kirsh, 214). Experts have also researched on how violent video games affect children and adolescents. According to experts, violent video game characters can be seen as role-models by some youths. For example, players in the Grand Theft Auto have a false belief of heroism in them, where they try to emulate some of the activities in the game. This is a great concern to the experts, who believe that video game players as well as television viewers should always be passive.Managing violence in kidsThe good news is that parents can control how violence in media affects their kids. Even though experts claim that there is no factor that can make a nonviolent person aggressive, violent behavior in kids can be facilitated by the kids heavy exposure to aggressive media. Adolescents exposed to a lot of many risk factors such as conflict at home and aggression in their paren ts have a high likelihood of behaving in an aggressive manner.However, parents can expose their kids to the media that show and reflect their personal values. The recommended media should also object stuff that does not reflect the personal values of the parents. Media and technology offers great benefits to the human race, which include the ability to teach them valuable skills. One of the ways how a parent can contr...

Frey House II Photo Tour in Palm Springs, California

I Have Re Enlisted At Valley Forge - 941 Words

Pelaki Foliaki Mrs. Taigen/Keithly ELA 3rd/SS 2nd 23 November 2015 Would you have re-enlisted at Valley Forge? George Washington once said, â€Å"To be prepared for war is one of the most effective means of preserving peace.† George Washington had to prepare his soldiers at the winter camp at Valley Forge. The winter of 1777 was great for Washington, because he could keep an eye on the General Howe’s British soldiers. Washington had a major problem. Some men were signing up for one to two year enlistment, but the most common was nine months.The living conditions were a horrid situation. Many had no shoes and little clothing, which is not a good combination for a frigid Pennsylvania winter. The winter was not pleasant, and most soldiers had diseases, like smallpox, and dysentery. Men are dying, running away, or deserting their post. My term is almost up. I am concerned about my family, and my aging mother. I could desert and leave for home, or stay and fight. The question has come down to this; If you were a soldier at Valley Forge, wou ld you have quit. In this situation, to quit is to not re-enlist. I have decided to re-enlist because our great leaders, the doctors and sickness treatment, and respect. If you re-enlisted, you would get to stay with our great leaders, like General George Washington and Friedreich Wilhelm von Steuben. In Jane Root’s Video â€Å"America, The Story of Us†, said that Washington stayed with his army the whole winter. He could of left if he wanted to, butShow MoreRelatedThe Women Present At Valley Forge809 Words   |  4 PagesThe Women Present at Valley Forge As Abigail Adams will write to her husband John to â€Å"remember the ladies† during the Continental Congress, so to must we must not forget the many women who played a vital role here during the winter encampment at Valley forge from 1777-1778. During the Winter Encampment at Valley Forge there were close 400 women, a ratio 1:44 to the enlisted men. Officers’ Wives Martha Washington- (1732-1802)- During the Revolutionary War Martha joined her husband for part ofRead MoreThe Most Important Election Ever1164 Words   |  5 Pagesfrom the critical needs of this Republic. I know, you hear that this is the most important election ever, well if this is true then please make your stand, for I m sure that those voting in 1860 were convinced they too were involved in the most important election in history. Regardless of the outcome in November, we must not resign or retreat from the conflict. Yes, it s an ongoing conflict, a relentless struggle for the very soul of our nation. As you have heard so many times Freedom is not FreeRead More1000 Word Essay85965 Words   |  344 Pageseducation, and treatment. Implement alcohol and other drug risk reduction and prevention strategies that respond to potential problems before they jeopardize readiness, productivity, and careers. Restore to duty those substance-impaired Soldiers who have the potential for continued military service. Provide effective alcohol and other drug abuse prevention and education at all levels of command, and encourage commanders to provide alcohol and drug-free leisure activities. Ensure all military and civilianRead MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 PagesMcGraw-Hill/Irwin series, operations and decision sciences) Gray’s name appears first on the earlier editions. Includes index. ISBN-13: 978-0-07-34033 4-2 (alk. paper) ISBN-10: 0-07-340334-2 (alk. paper) 1. Project management. 2. Time management. 3. Risk management. I. Gray, Clifford F. II. Gray, Clifford F. Project management. III. Title. HD69.P75G72 2011 658.4904—dc22 2009054318 www.mhhe.com About the Authors Erik W. Larson ERIK W. LARSON is professor of project management at the College of Business, OregonRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesreferences. ISBN 978-1-4399-0269-1 (cloth : alk. paper)—ISBN 978-1-4399-0270-7 (paper : alk. paper)—ISBN 978-1-4399-0271-4 (electronic) 1. History, Modern—20th century. 2. Twentieth century. 3. Social history—20th century. 4. World politics—20th century. I. Adas, Michael, 1943– II. American Historical Association. D421.E77 2010 909.82—dc22 2009052961 The paper used in this publication meets the requirements of the American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for PrintedRead MoreInternational Management67196 Words   |  269 Pagesbusiness enterprises—Management—Case studies. I. Doh, Jonathan P. II. Hodgetts, Richard M. International management. III. Title. HD62.4.H63 2012 658 .049—dc22 2011002070 www.mhhe.com Dedicated in Memory of Richard M. Hodgetts A Pioneer in International Management Education iii This page intentionally left blank Preface C hanges in the global business environment continue unabated. The global financial crisis and economic recession have challenged some assumptions about globalizationRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesaware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in initial caps or all caps. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Whetten, David A. (David Allred) Developing management skills /David A. Whetten, Kim S. Cameron.—8th ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-13-612100-8 1. Management—-Study and teaching. 2. Management—Problems, exercises, etc. Kim S. II. Title. HD30.4.W46 2011 658.40071 173—dc22 I. Cameron, 2009040522 10 9 8 7 6 5 4

Global Warming And The Climate Change - 2582 Words

A meeting discussing global warming and the ongoing climate change (and the impact CO2 emissions have on the growing problem) has been in session in Peru for the past few days. Dozens of world leaders are gathering to discuss possible changes that can be implemented to halt the increase in temperature seen around the globe. However, many prominent scientists have stated that it may be too late for these world leaders to make any significant impacts (Associated). These scientists, and many other people around the world, believe that humans have contributed significantly to global warming, and as a result mankind needs to do whatever it can to combat this ongoing crisis. Nearly 3,500 miles away from Peru, United States Senator James Inhofe is in Washington D.C., representing Oklahoma in the United States Senate. Senator Inhofe is one of the loudest preachers of the belief that global warming is not the dire threat that so many scientists make it out to be. Inhofe has claimed that it is â€Å"arrogant for people to believe human beings are able to change what He (God) is doing in the climate† (Tashman). The Senator believes that only God controls the climate and the environment, and to even think that humans are impacting the earth’s climate is misguided (Tashman). These two opposing viewpoints bring with them questions of religion, politics, human responsibility, and ultimately the fate of the planet. On one side, there are those who say that the science is so concrete, and theShow MoreRelatedGlobal Warming And Climate Change974 Words   |  4 Pagesabout global warming, whether it is true or false. Is there evidence to prove that global warming has impacted the climate due to the rise in the earth’s temperature? Climate change is a problem that is worldwide that should be reviewed. The rise in the earth’s temperature has caused some impact to the weather and climate changes to many places worldwide. This rise in temperature ha s the potential of causing drastic changes to the earth in many ways. It is time to view the global warming concernsRead MoreClimate Change Of Global Warming924 Words   |  4 Pages Figure 0.1 shows the different effects of global warming. Global warming is the warming of our planet at an extreme rate. The Earth’s climate has warmed by 7.8OC since 1880. (Quick facts about science, 2015). What causes global warming? The cause of global warming is the carbon dioxide. This acts like a blanket. Protecting the earth, and heating the earth. Sun rays would normally bounce around the earth, but with the blanket, the sun rays heat the blanket which heats the earth. (Petersen ScienceRead MoreGlobal Warming And Climate Change1398 Words   |  6 Pages Global warming and climate change have been frequent topics of discussion over the past several years. Although people tend to focus on the politics, it is important to look past the media aspects of it into the cold hard facts of what our Earth is currently experiencing, and what has caused it in the first place. The cause of climate change includes natural causes, but human causes are what is generating such a rapid global temperature change. It’s time that the ways in which humanity affectsRead MoreClimate Change And Global Warming1060 Words   |  5 PagesClimate change (Klaus) 1000 The terms â€Å"global warming†, â€Å"climate change† or â€Å"greenhouse effect† have become more than just parts of the popular lexicon as they rather are subject of public discussions, scientific research or political debates. Despite the popularity and the ubiquity of these terms, the public’s theoretical and conceptual understanding of them and their causal relations is often based on superficial knowledge and buzzwords or caricatures outlined and depicted in several popular mediaRead MoreClimate Change : Global Warming1194 Words   |  5 PagesDonya Curtis April 19, 2017 English 1001-rough draft Global Warming Global warming is one facet of the broader term climate change. It is the increase in the average temperature of the Earth s surface air and oceans from the mid 20th century and the projected continuation. The Global warming is primarily the consequence of building up greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere. Emission rates for most important anthropogenic greenhouse gas, CO2, have increased 120 fold in the past 140 years. WhileRead MoreClimate Change and Global Warming1074 Words   |  5 PagesClimate change and Global Warming are out of control. This means that, no matter what policies, processes or actions are implemented, the Earth as we know it will never be the same again. There is significant evidence to support this hypothesis. The dilemma becomes whether we can limit the damage and adapt to a new status quo or not. Rising sea levels and the damage caused by this phenomenon has irreversible impacts on coastlines worldwide. Damage to sensitive reef systems cannot be fixed. This alsoRead MoreClimate Change And Global Warming1022 Words   |  5 PagesWhat = Climate Change Who = Emma, Aoife, Julia, Rachael, Mariah and Cà ©line What is it? Climate Change is a change in the demographic distribution of weather patterns, and related change in oceans, land surfaces and ice sheets, happening over time scales of decades or longer. It’s the world’s greatest threat. Climate change is the change in temperature over a period of time. It involves the greenhouse effect and global warming. Where is it? It is an issue affecting everyone everywhere. ClimateRead MoreClimate Change And Global Warming1474 Words   |  6 Pagesphenomenon, known as â€Å"smog† became an often daily occurrence in big, urbanized cites across the globe. Also, Al Gore’s book, An Inconvenient Truth, popularized the issue of climate change and global warming as a result of the damage that the modern world has done to the atmosphere. He noted that people resist the facts about climate change due to the inconvenience of changing their lifestyles. But, uninhibited industrialization of several countries has led to intense modernization and revolution of theRead MoreClimate Change And Global Warming928 Words   |  4 PagesThis paper will discuss climate change and global warming on the economy. The paper also gives a description on climate change and global warming. As well as what it hold for future business owners. It will also discuss what the government is doing about climate change/global warming. Climate change is a long-term shift in the statistics of the weather (including its averages). For example, it could show up as a change in climate normal (expected average values for temperature and precipitation)Read MoreClimate Change And Global Warming1630 Words   |  7 PagesClimate Related Threats Global warming will lead to uncontrollable devastation such as famine, war, and economic instability. Climate change will accelerate the dislocation of hundreds of millions of people and the extinction of many species. The negative effects of climate change are obvious on every continent. Professor Le Quere, director of the Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research at the University of East Anglia said, The human influence on climate change is clear. The atmosphere and

Ocean Acidification And Its Effects On The Environment

Our Oceans are a vital bloodline carrying humans, water, and different types of animals and plants. Now more than ever our oceans are in peril due to the disastrous effects of Ocean Acidification. According to, NOAA Director Dr. Jane Lubchenco (2016), â€Å"Ocean Acidification is often referred to as global warming’s equally evil twin† (The Osprey pg.1). Ocean Acidification is an issue that the general public knows very little about yet is just as dangerous. Our Oceans are like a gigantic beaker with a mix of different solutions but because of ocean acidification this might disturb the balance for the planet. According to, Ludwig of The Science Teacher (2015), â€Å"OA is a harmful consequence of excess carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and poses a threat to marine life† (p.42). The high amount of carbon dioxide creates a toxic environment for sea life. As a society, it is our duty to help restore our oceans and prevent the dangerous possibility of massive sea los s, economic downfall, and coral bleaching. To begin, Our Oceans absorb tremendous amounts of carbon dioxide. According to Castro of Marine Biology (2013), â€Å"About half the CO2 we pump into the atmosphere dissolves into the ocean† (p.236). With these statistics in mind it is important to notice that everyday large amounts of Carbon dioxide head into our oceans. As the carbon dioxide is consumed by ocean water, â€Å"CO2 dissolves in seawater and it forms carbonic acid† (Marine Biology pg.236). As carbonic acid is added into theShow MoreRelatedOcean Acidification And Its Effects On The Environment Essay1220 Words   |  5 Pagespeople are familiar with the probability that looks reefs to submerged rainforests. Coral reefs orchestrate the most biodiverse living spaces in the ocean, and their closeness is crucial to the survival of a clearing number of other marine species - an awe-inspiring piece of which we rely on upon for support. To understand carbon developing i n ocean water we need to appreciate the carbon condition. Right when CO2 segregates in seawater to go on watery CO2 (CO2(aq)) it moreover shapes carbonic dangerousRead MoreOcean Acidification And Its Effect On The Environment1084 Words   |  5 Pagesrole in the processes within the ocean, having a huge influence over the chemistry of seawater carbonate and its equilibrium process (Hopkins 2010). One way it impacts the ocean is via a process called ocean acidification. Carbon dioxide is a compound that can be found in nature, but the elevated carbon dioxide levels caused by humans can have a lot of unintended consequences, particularly to the seawater carbonate chemistry (Hopkins 2010). Ocean acidification can be explained by a series of simpleRead MoreThe Effects Of Climate Change On The Environment Essay1268 Words   |  6 PagesOCEAN ACIDIFICATION Smog, contaminated water, melting of snow packs. These are some of impacts that Climate Change has had on the Earth over the past years. All of these are product of the increase in carbon dioxide emissions by humans and their polluting activities. Since the Industrial Revolution, these events have escalated and, they have been becoming more noticeable and prolonged across the globe. Some of these events are more palpable and pronounced in certain parts of the hemisphere. For exampleRead MoreHow Acidification Threatens Ocean From The Inside Out Essay976 Words   |  4 PagesLu Understanding Our Environment ENVS 100-03 Professor Gretchen Coffman October 13, 2016 Literature Summary and Critique Hardt, M.J. and C. Safina. 2009. How acidification threatens ocean from the inside out: Carbon dioxide emissions are making the oceans more acidic, imperiling the growth and reproduction of species from plankton to squid. Scientific American 301:66-73. â€Å"How acidification threatens ocean from the inside out: Carbon dioxide emissions are making the oceans more acidic, imperilingRead MoreThe Shark : The Predator Of The Sea1607 Words   |  7 Pagesas a negative feature to the environment, which is prolonging the effect to prevent shark species from becoming extinct. With that in mind, not only are human over-fishing sharks, but also the CO2 emission into the ocean are also at an all time high and quickly rising. Some private as well as national organizations have accepted the challenge of educating and informing individuals concerning the existence of the shark specie and also the effect of ocean acidification to its importance to the seaRead MoreThe Effect Of Oa On Marine Biodiversity1704 Words   |  7 Pagescontend that, while ocean acidification is occurring at an increasing global rate, there is not enough evidence to show significance of OA to marine biodiversity. He agrees with the position of Rockstrà ¶m et al. (2009 ), Turley Gattuso (2012), Keller et al. (2009) and Veron (2008), which is that calcification is the most sensitive process responding directly to ocean acidification. However, he asserts that the warnings in the scientific community claiming that ocean acidification is a major threatRead MoreHuman Impacts on the Environment677 Words   |  3 PagesHuman Impacts on the Environment: Ocean Acidification Ecological human effects on the planet are now about 40% greater than the planet can support in a sustainable fashion (Grossman, 2010). One of the many areas with significant damage is the marine biosphere. Ocean acidification is a great threat to marine and subsequently human life. The pH level in the ocean has been a relatively constant 8.15 to 8.25 and organisms have evolved under these circumstances for over 50 million years. HoweverRead MoreThe Effects of Increased Atmospheric CO21655 Words   |  7 Pagesparts per million per year (Kudela, 2013). This sharp increase in atmospheric CO2 has had an impact on the ocean, and can be seen by the increase in the levels of gaseous CO2 in the seawater. When the CO2 rich atmosphere comes in contact with the surface of the ocean, CO2 is readily absorbed which causes the pH of seawater to become more acidic. Many enzymes and processes that occur in the ocean, like test building, are pH sensitive (Calderia, 2003). Any change in the pH would result in the breakdownRead MoreThe Fourth Extinction : An Unnatural History By Elizabeth Kolbert1112 Words   |  5 Pagesfive major mass extinction on earth triggered by a distinguishable event, but in The Sixth Extinction: An Unnatural History, Elizabeth Kolbert writes of the narrative of the sixth extinction caused directly by human impact. The book identifies the effects of human activity on how, over humans history on earth, the natural world has been affected. Every environmental impact stems into three basic groups of global problems to nature: Pollution, Habitat loss and Invasive Species. Kolbert explains thatRead MoreEnvironmental Issues Affecting The Worlds Oceans1175 Words   |   5 PagesOcean covers 71 percent of the world s surface and holds 97 percent of the total water on Earth. For centuries, people have regarded it as an inexhaustible resource and a useful transport route. The ocean also plays a significant role in regulating the climate, the atmosphere, carbon cycling, and nutrition flow. However, environmental problems, particularly over the last few decades, have pushed the ocean to its limits. This essay will argue three major environmental issues impacting the world s

Tanzimat Free Essays

Reform program in the Ottoman Empire from 1839 until 1876. Tanzimat is Turkish for â€Å"reorganization†, and was a program that based itself on the changes started by sultan Mahmud 2. The actual program was started under sultan Abdulmecid 1, and corrupted and destroyed by sultan Abulaziz. We will write a custom essay sample on Tanzimat or any similar topic only for you Order Now The Tanzimat program was one of highest importance to the Ottoman Empire. It was initiated by reformists who understood why the empire was growing weaker while neighbour countries were growing stronger. The situation was clearly illustrated by numerous military defeats.Inside the empire also, there were many dangerous tensions that could lead to conflicts and demands of autonomy. This had already happened in Egypt, when Muhammad Ali achieved autonomy. But high in the empire there were many people with conservative ideas, as well as many who (accurately) feared for their own positions, and who opposed the reform processes. One characteristic of the Tanzimat that made it hard to accept for many, was that it had been formed upon European ideas and ideals.And Europe was considered the lands of the infidels. The reforms of the Tanzimat was administered under the Grand Vizier. The most known of the Tanzimat viziers was Mustafa Resid Pasha, who served altogether 6 terms. While the Tanzimat program might have saved the Ottoman Empire, or at least prolonged its existence, one may assert that it came too late. But even more grave, it was discontinued by sultan Abdulaziz’ abuse of politics and little respect for the reforms.And there was even less hope for the reforms when Abdulhamid 2 ascended the sultan throne in 1876, and as among the first of many despotic acts stopped the Tanzimat. The program The program was defined in a document of 1839 called Hatt-i Serif (Noble Edict of the Rose Chamber). It contained new regulations in several fields: New administration: Provincial representative assemblies (nothing to do with democracy in modern terms, of course) were established, together with state courts that ruled independent of the religiously learned.But more important than that, the local administrations started to function as parts of large state stru cture. Also, new codes of commercial and criminal law were introduced. Standardized system of taxation: Earlier there had been abuses in many provinces, allowing local rulers to enrich themselves on the locals. The system of taxation also applied to military conscription and training, a system that now was regulated, and involved less pressure on the locals. New conscript system: The Ottoman Empire now introduced a conscript system based upon Prussian patterns.This involved the total end of the devsirme system, from which the Janissaries had been recruited. Rights of the individual: No matter what race or religion a citizen had, his or her security of life, property and honour was guaranteed inside the empire. In return, the state demanded that all citizens were loyal to the sultan and the Ottoman administration. Secular school system: Earlier, Islam had been the foundation for schooling. Now, modern ideals were introduced instead. How to cite Tanzimat, Papers

The Corporation Law of Australia

Questions: Question 1 Cotton Limited holds 89.5% of the shares in Satin Co Limited. The remaining shares are held by Silk and several other small investors. The Board of Satin wants the company to become a wholly owned subsidiary of Cotton Limited as they expect this will result in both taxation benefits and a saving on accounting fees and administration charges of about $230,000. Cotton Limited offers to buy the shares held by Silk and other minority members but they refuse. Arrangements are made to hold a members meeting to pass a resolution changing the constitution of Satin by inserting a new clause 53 any member entitled to 80% or more of the issued shares may compulsorily acquire all the remaining shares. Silk and other minority members receive written notice of the company meeting together with a proxy form and a valuation certificate stating the shares were worth $2.50 each. Although the offer is fair Silk does not want to sell her shares and wants to start legal action to prevent the proposed alt eration to the constitution. Discuss whether she may succeed in her action. Would your answer be different if the real reason for compulsorily acquiring the shares from Silk was that she discovered operating a business in competition with Satin Co and was using information gained as a member to take away some of Satins business? Question 2 Polyester is a director of Style Pty. Limited involved in making womens clothing. Has she breached any duties under the Corporation Act in the following situations? Situation 1. She arranges with the companys bank to transfer an amount of $65,000 from the company account into a personal bank account held by her in her own name. She uses the funds to finalise some outstanding personal debts. Situation 2. As a director she receives information that the company is in a serious financial position. She arranges to transfer a larger amount of the assets of the company over a new proprietary company that she formed with the intention of caring on the same business. Situation 3. Contrary to a resolution of the Board and notwithstanding established business practice that limits credit to $20,000 she allows a trade debtor (who has a history of bad debts) to exceed its credit limits by $25,000. The debtor fails to pay the outstanding amount of $45,000. Can she rely on the business judgment rule in this situation? Answers: 1. The Legal Position The corporation law of Australia had a strong command over the majority rule among the companies. The companys management is said to be in the hand of the board of director and hence they can run the company as they use their power within approved duties. As a result, the minority shareholders have a little, if any, control or influence over the operations of company. They may also be powerless for influencing the management, development and the direction of company in which they have their money invested. It is possible that the BOD and the shareholders decision are different on same transaction and at that time the BOD and majority of the shareholder can suppress the minority decision purposefully. The law provides protection to such minority shareholders who are purposefully suppressed. As per section 233 the minority shareholder can make an application to demand protection. The court may direct in such case to buy the stake of minority shareholder, also the direction of the winding up of the company. Sections 232 and 233 of As per Sec 233 of the corporation Act 2001, the Court is empowered to order that it may consider it to be appropriate in the situations where the necessities of the Sec 232 are been met. Such power may include the power of making the order that the party may purchase the shares of any another shareholder with the reduction in the share capital of company or in the order in which the company shall be wounded up. The Sec 232 of this Actstates that Court may have it ssole discretion to make such order if: -The affairs of the company is handling in manner or -Proposed move, act to be taken by company or its authorised or - Any resolution passed by class of members That affects shareholders interest or found oppressive on class of shareholders Compulsory acquisition The person who is bidding can also acquire remaining share compulsorily in the class of bid if following fact exist: If the bidder or and its associates hold 90% or more interest in bid class And acquired 75% or more shares as offered in particular class bid. under the takeover bid may also acquire compulsorily any of the remaining shares in the bid class if during the offer period, the bidder or their associates have: Significant interests in at least 90 percent (by number) of the shares in the bid class and Purchased at least 75 percent (by number) of the shares that the bidder had offered to purchase under the bid. Ch 6Astates the requirements for the compulsory acquisition process. Case Law Involved Oppression on the minority shareholder The ruler inthe case of Ample Source InternationalLtd v Bonython Metals Group PtyLtd; Re Bonython Metals Group PtyLtd (No 6)[2011] FCA 1484had held that there were number of cases where minority shareholders are oppressed . This oppression had been brought due to the manner in which the activities of BMG were operated, specifically: The Part management of the BMG in a way which is commercially unfair to the Source; Failure to give the significant information to the Ample Source; The judge ordered that the BMG shall be wind up under the sec 233(a) of the Act. The Given Case Facts And Figures Following are the facts of the given case: 1. Satin Company Ltd is a Subsidiary Company of Cotton Limited which holds 89.5% of its shares and the remaining shares were held by Silk Ltd and other minority shareholders. 2. The board of directors of Satin Ltd wishes that the company shall become a Fully owned subsidiary of Cotton Limited and that the remaining shares held by Silk Ltd and other minority shareholders shall be acquired by Cotton Limited, due to which there would be tax benefits and accounting or administration charges of both the companies, resulting in savings of $230,000. 3. Cotton Limited proposes Silk Ltd and other minority shareholders to sell their shares, but they denied the proposal, as a result of which the board decided to hold a shareholders meeting for passing a resolution to change the constitution of Satin Ltd. 4. Satin Ltd inserted a new clause 53 stating that, any member entitled to 80% or more of the issued shares may compulsorily acquire all the remaining shares. 5. Silk Ltd and other shareholders also received a notice stating that the company shall meet to pass the above mentioned resolution and they also received a valuation certificate stating that the shares $2.50 each. However Silk Ltd is not ready to accept this offer. Identification Of Relevant Issues Following is the relevant issue that aroused in the given case: Silk Ltd wanted to Sue the Satin Ltd for the proposal offering it to sell its shares. Whether Silk Ltd would succeed in this case or would it get a relief from oppression under sec 233 of corporation act 2001. Conclusions To Be Drawn As per Section 232 and Section 233 of Corporation Act 2001, the Court is empowered to order that it may consider it to be appropriate in the situations where the requirements of the sec 232 are been met. Such power may include the power of making the order that the party may purchase the shares of any another shareholder with the reduction in the share capital of company or in the order in which the company shall be wounded up. The Sec 232 of this Actstates that, Court has its sole rights to make such order if: The conduct of the affairs of company; or An proposed or actual act by or on behalf of the company; or A resolution of the members or class of members; is either: Contrary to the members interest as a whole; or Oppressiveto,prejudicialto, ordiscriminatoryagainst, the members whether in such capacity or in any other capacity. Hence, in the given case Silk Ltd has a right to initiate a legal action against Satin Ltd in the lights of Sec 232 and 233 of the Corporation Act 2001. However, the position would differ in case where Silk Ltd uses the Operative information of Satin Ltd i.e. its Competitor, by being its member and thereby getting insider information of the activities and transactions to be performed by Satin Ltd, in which case the court may order Compulsory Acquisition of the shares held by it under the provisions of Corporation Act 2001 as discussed above. 2. The Legalposition Duties Of Directors Under Corporation Act 2001 Directors are the top most authorities in the company and also the key persons for managing the companys affairs. The directors shall know their duties and responsibilities towards the company and its stakeholders. The careless, Ignorant and dishonest directors who do not care for their duties towards the company may lose their reputations and image and the savings and may also be subject to imprisonment, because they do not bother to connect the laid down standards which the law has imposed upon them. General Duties Of Directors Following are various general duties of directors: To bonafidely act towards the companys interest. To exercise the power as a director and shall not use them for any own benefits. Not to be occupied in such position for the conflicting interest. Fiduciary Duties Of Directors Following are some Fiduciary duties of the directors: Not to obtain any illegal benefit for their own selves They shall not utilise any information that they gained during their tenure of directorship to get the undue advantage. They shall put their powers for well-being of the company. They shall call their executives for any personal interest in case of conflicts. The directors may be held responsible towards the company for the gains made by breaching their Professional duties. Such duties are created if: 1. The directors had shown their own likeliness to act as the agent on behalf of the shareholders of company. 2. For a related company, the director having family relation and providing the advices or suggestions for the shares to any family shareholders, then it may create a strong relationship between the director and shareholders. The Conflicting Rule The director should not allow his duties and interests for the company in a conflicting state. He shall ask: For the conflicts that are more than the actual proposal? Should a director end to engage in the arrangement soon after getting a fact that he will have the chance of interests which is conflicting for the company? Is there some sorts of conflict whereby a director held the shares in any another related entity? As per Sec 191(1) the director may also possess a responsibility for notifying the remaining directors that he has a personal interest in the material transactions of the company and that he shall not remain present in the events of such meetings and discussions in which such material transactions are been held, otherwise there will be a conflict of the Professional duties and responsibilities of such director for which he may held guilty for the misconduct under the provisions of this act and may also be held culprit under the Corporation Act 2001. Because of this act, the reputation of the entity may be endangered and that the other directors image may also be affected. Following are various general duties of directors: To bonafidely act towards the companys interest. To exercise the power as a director and shall not use them for any own benefits. Not to be occupied in such position for the conflicting interest. Material Or Personal Interest According to Sec 195(1) the director having a own interest in some transaction, which has been confirmed at any of the meetings of board, may not have any voting right on the resolutions to be passed for such transaction , he will not be able get involved in the meeting where such transactions are considered. However, according to Sec 195(2),all the other directors who do not have anysuch personal interest are allowed to pass a resolution which states that all the directors are happy with even that the rights of particular director does not have power to restrain from attendance of meeting and voting, According to per Sec 195(3), the ASIC can o its own judgment that the said director will attend meeting as well as vote. The Given Case Facts And Figures Following are the facts of the given case: Polyester is a director of Style Pty. Ltd which is involved in making the womens clothing and has performed following activities: 1. Arranges for the transfer of $65,000 from the companys bank account into her personal account and utilises the funds for finalising some outstanding personal debts. 2. Receives information that the company is in serious financial position and that she transfer large amount of assets over a new company which is formed for caring the same business. 3. Allows a debtor having a bad history in past to credit the limit exceeding $25,000 as against the resolution passed by board. Issue Under Consideration The main issue in this case is that, whether Polyester shall be held responsible for negligence of Professional duties in the above cases. Conclusions To Be Made 1. As discussed above, the director who does any act for his personal interest shall be deprived from attending any board meeting in which such transaction is discussed and shall also be held responsible for breach of professional duties. As such in the first instance, Polyester has transferred $65,000 belonging to the company for her own personal interest shall be held liable for Professional misconduct under Corporation Act 2001. 2. In the second case, Polyester has transferred the companys assets to the newly formed business to carry on the companys business for the betterment of company. This act shall be deemed to have been done in good faith and for the benefit of company and thus she shall not to have breached her duties under corporation act 2001. 3. In third case, Polyester has allowed a higher credit to one of the companys Debtor having bad track record and also did not considered the resolution passed by board of directors. In this case also, she is said to have breached her professional duties as a director under Corporation Act 2001. The Compliance with Section 195(1)would not free any of the directors from the obligations of complying with the relevant Law. References: Holding Redlich, 2015, Oppressed Minority Shareholders reviewed on 5 February 2015, https://www.holdingredlich.com/dispute-resolution-litigation/oppressed-minority-shareholders-and-appropriate-relief-is-winding-up-a-solvent-company-an-extreme-step?utm_source=Mondaqutm_medium=syndicationutm_campaign=View-OriginalMark Easton, 2013, Minority Shareholders reviewed on 5 February 2015, https://www.companydirectors.com.au/Director-Resource-Centre/Publications/Company-Director-magazine/2013-back-editions/April/Opinion-Do-not-forget-minority-shareholdersRichard Brockett, 2015, Minority Shareholders reviewed on 5 February 2015, https://epublications.bond.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1434context=blrAustralian Government, 2015, Compulsory Acquisition reviewed on 5 February 2015, https://www.takeovers.gov.au/content/DisplayDoc.aspx?doc=panel_process/summary_of_takeover_provisions_in_australia.htmJohn H Farrar, 2015, Minority Shareholder Remedies reviewed on 5 February 2015, https://epublica tions.bond.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1207context=blrACIS, NT, Directors Duties under The Corporations Act 2001reviewed on 5 February 2015, https://www.acis.net.au/bulletins/Directors_Duties.pdfAustralian Institute of Company Directors, 2014, Roles, Duties and Responsibilities of Director reviewed on 5 February 2015, https://www.companydirectors.com.au/Director-Resource-Centre/Director-QA/Roles-Duties-and-ResponsibilitiesPWC.com, 2011, Directors Duties reviewed on 5 February 2015, https://etraining.communitydoor.org.au/pluginfile.php/608/course/section/95/GuideDirectors_Apr08.pdfASIC, 2014, Directors Duties reviewed on 5 February 2015, https://asic.gov.au/for-business/running-a-company/company-officeholder-duties/your-company-and-the-law/SBDC, 2015, Closing or Winding up a business reviewed on 5 February 2015, https://www.smallbusiness.wa.gov.au/business-life-cycle/exiting-a-business/closing-winding-up/Dibbsbarker, 2014, Corporate governance and Directors duties reviewed on 5 February 2015, https://www.dibbsbarker.com/assets/document/Corporate_Governance_2014.pdfTakeovers Panel, ND, Directors duties reviewed on 5 February 2015,https://www.takeovers.gov.au/content/Resources/parliamentary_reports/social_fuduciary_duties_obligations.aspxFind Law, 2015, Directors duties reviewed on 5 February 2015, https://www.findlaw.com.au/articles/32/directors-duties.aspxCommonwealth of Australia, ND, Directors duties reviewed on 5 February 2015, https://archive.treasury.gov.au/documents/283/PDF/full.pdf

Kannan Devan Essay Example

Kannan Devan Paper KANAN DEVAN HILLS PLANTATIONS COMPANY PRIVATE LIMITED, MUNNAR DESCRIPTION: It is the largest tea plantation company in Kerala which manufactures black tea, green tea and some value added tea. It also has an oil extraction unit from flowers and plants. Its annual production is around 23 to 25 million Kg of tea. HISTORY: KDHPC (P) Ltd is spread over 58000 acres of land in Kanan Devan Hills Village of Devikulam Taluk, Idukki District. Out of the 58000 acres of land the company has developed 22000 acres of land as tea plantation and another 19900 acres as fuel trees cultivation. In the year 1877 the Poonjar Chief (One of the kings in olden days) had leased this area to the Europeans for development. After several agricultural activities it was found that this area is suitable for tea plantations. The Europeans forms Kanan Devan Hills Produce Company Limited with its Head Office in Glasgow and subsequently Tatas joined with Finlay Group and taken over these plantations as Tata-Finlay Limited. Tata-Finlay Limited subsequently became Tata Tea Limited. In the year 2005, Tata Tea Limited formed a new company viz. Kanan Devan Hills Plantations Company Private Limited and leased the entire area for their operation. Since 2005 the Kanan Devan Hills Plantations Company Private Limited is holding these plantations and operating it. COMPANY PROFILE : Date of Establishment : 2005 Revenue : 190 Crores |Market Cap |: The Company is formed with the equity participation of over 70% intended for employees and a | | |minority stake-holding for Tata Tea. Of this, the workers and staff hold nearly 38% of the equity. | |In all 12,800 employees of the company representing more than 97% of the workforce of the Company | | |are shareholders in KDHPCPL, holding almost 70% of the equity stake, while Tata Tea holds 19% | | |stake, and others the balance. The company’s shares are not yet offered to the public. | Corporate office : KDHP HOUSE, MUNNAR – 685 612, KERALA STATE No. of Employees : 13,000 including 12800 workers and staff and management staff No. f estates : 7 Estates comprising an average o f 3500 hectares of land |Nature of Business | : Cultivation and manufacture of tea. Sale of its products | | | | | | | |Market |: A major percentage of Indian population consumes tea. We will write a custom essay sample on Kannan Devan specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Kannan Devan specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Kannan Devan specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer India is the biggest market TATA Tea. | | |The company also exports tea to Middle East and Iran and Iraq | |Production: | | | | |Year |In Million Kgs. | | | | | | | 2005/06 |19. 9 | | | | | | |2006/07 |20. 39 | | | | | | |2007/08 |21. 25 | | | | | | |2008/09 |22. 0 | | | | | | |2009/10 |25. 06 | | | | | | |2010/11 |19. 73 | |Financial – Year |Total Income |Profit After Tax | |2005/06 |105. 9 Crores |2. 37 Crores | |2006/07 |122. 16 Crores |2. 68 Crores | |2007/08 |123. 15 Crores |4. 07 Crores | |2008/09 |170. 74 Crores |12. 50 Crores | |2009/10 |214. 48 Crores |40. 4 Crores | |2010/11 |187. 07 Crores |16. 56 Crores | BOARD OF DIRECTORS: †¢ Mr. T. Damu, Chairman †¢ Mr. L. Krishnakumar †¢ Mr. C. K. Unnikrishnan Nair †¢ Mr. M. H. Ashraff †¢ Mr. K. Venkataramanan †¢ Mr. T. Samuel †¢ Mrs. Mariammal †¢ Mr. T. V. Alexander – Managing Director †¢ Mr. P. M. Srikrishnan – Executive Director Company Secretary – Mr. D. Ghos h Bankers- †¢ ICICI Bank Limited, Kochi †¢ State Bank of Travancore, Munnar VISION â€Å"To collectively create a unique and sustainable business with the commitment and involvement of all employees as partners† MISSION †¢Ã¢â‚¬Å"To produce a consistently high quality product, exceeding customer expectations at the lowest cost and creating an environment for work excellence, ensuring sustained growth with commitment towards social and environmental values† KEY MILESTONES: †¢ Before 2005 April Tata Tea Limited was incurring loss year after year. †¢ After taking over by Kanan Devan Hills Plantations Company Private Limited the overhead expenditure has been reduced by reduction of its employees by offering Voluntary retirement. The agricultural operation is mechanized. †¢ Since it’s the share holders of this company are its own employees the ownership feeling of its employees has enhanced the productivity to a very high standard. †¢ In the year 2009/10 it has achieved the record production of 25. 06 Million Kgs. †¢ In the year 2009/10 the company achieved the record yield of 2513 Kgs. per bearing hectare. †¢ It is the first among the successful Employees Buy out company. †¢ It functions in Participatory Management style wherein it has Advisory Committees for various operations. The members of these committees are among their own employees. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT: The R D center of KDHP Co. Pvt. Ltd. , located at Madupatty Estate at Munnar, is the finest and most integrated R D programme in the corporate sector of the Indian Tea industry. It covers the entire gamut of tea operations from cultivation to manufacture including product development packing and is recognized by ‘the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research (DSIR) of Ministry of Science Technology, Government of India’. DEMOGRAPHY In India, the population of each state has its own preference in the taste of tea they drink and accordingly, the company is trying to manufacture/blend its product to suit the population of each State by manufacturing different quality and grade of tea. The company also taking its efforts to satisfy the overseas buyers by producing the quality of tea the overseas buyers’ expectation. The company is aiming to capture the market tea for hotels with its hotel blend. CORPORATE AND SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITES: Conservation of forest and wildlife which are present between the tea fields and also help in replanting of degraded shoals with native species †¢ It also assists the Wildlife Officers of Eravikulam National Park in taking wildlife census and managing the Park by employing watchers, appointing Muthuvan watchers, educating school children and the public on wildlife and environment by arranging film shows, competition, etc. †¢ Efficient use of electricity acros s the organization. †¢ Sristi is a Welfare Complex situated in Nullatanni Estate, which houses the three units for rehabilitation of handicapped children and youth, namely DARE, ATHULYA and ARANYA, which got the Company the prestigious FICCI Award 1997-98 for its outstanding achievement in training and placement of persons with disability. i) Developmental Activities in Rehabilitative Education (DARE) is the Companys School for Special Children, which started in November 1991. Dare today provides rehabilitative services to about 77 children falling between 5 and 15 years of age, with learning and other associated disabilities due to hearing / speech impairment, mental retardation of various degrees or mild /severe orthopedic handicap. Dare is the recipient of the Kerala State Award 1997 in recognition of its commendable services in rehabilitation of handicapped children. ii) Aranya is the vegetable dye unit, providing vocational rehabilitation to 11 youths with physical handicap. The unit was started in 1995. This eco-responsible rehabilitation project uses only plant wastes, dried leaves, dried fruit rinds, weeds, etc. , which are available locally, for dyeing yarns and fabrics. iii) Athulya is the Vocational Training Centre for the handicapped youth which started in January 1991 with just 14 youths. Today it provides vocational rehabilitation to 32 youths, aged between 16 and 35, who have been trained by the unit in book binding, file making, paper ruling, and printing, envelop making, etc. †¢ Muthuvan Welfare The Company organizes regular health camps for the Muthuvans by way of sending its medical officers, welfare officers and paramedical staff to the distant Muthuvan Kudis to examine the adults and children for any health problem, to dispense General Hospital in munnar and to educate them on health topics. The Company also refers Muthuvan patients who require special treatment to super specialty hospitals elsewhere in the state. EMPLOYEE WELFARE: The Company adheres to the requirements on statutory welfare measures required to be provided to employees under the various enactments applicable to plantations such as Plantations Labour Act, Factories Act, Maternity Benefit Act, Workmens Compensation Act, Payment of Wages Act, etc. The major statutory welfare measures provided to employees are as detailed below: Housing: All permanent plantation workers are provided with free housing accommodation, which are electrified and have latrines, and are as per statutory standards. Free water supply is also provided to these houses. Annual upkeep/maintenance of the houses is carried out on a routine basis. Medical Aid: All plantation workers and their families are given medical aid, free of cost at hospitals/dispensaries provided by the management on each estate, which are managed by qualified doctors and nurses. Patients are also referred to Tata Tea’s General Hospital in Munnar and to outside hospitals for specialized treatment as found necessary, at management’s cost. Creches: Creches with trained ‘Ayahs’ are provided to take care of children of workers during the period the parents attend work. Such children who attend creches are provided with free food, milk, uniforms, etc. Undernourished children are given special nutrition, as well as vitamins and tonics. Protective Clothing: Plantation workers are issued protective clothing such as Cumblies once each year at free of cost and Sleeping Blankets once each year at concessional rate. The other categories of employees are also issued with sleeping blankets once each year at concessional rate. Water supply: The Company is maintaining 223 sources of water supply for the consumption of its employees in its land. Smokeless Chula: In labor houses the conventional ‘aduppu’ (oven) was provided. Cooking in such ‘aduppu’ resulted in the kitchen being filled with smoke in spite of provision of smoke pipes. Studies conducted by different agencies in the country reveal that such smoke affects the health of women and children. Hence the Company has provided, at considerable cost, ‘Smokeless Chulas’ in labor houses, as these chulas were found to reduce the incidence of respiratory illnesses. Besides reducing smoke in kitchen, smokeless chulas are more fuel efficient and time required for cooking is also reduced. Free issue of Hot Tea: a) Employees are provided with hot tea by the management, free of cost, every day at their work spot. b) Staff and Special Category employees are issued with free dry tea as a monthly allowance: Staff : Married -1 kg per month Unmarried -500 gm p m Special Category Employees : Married 700 gm p m Unmarried 400 gm p m c) Staffs are issued with 12. 0 kg of dry tea per annum, at concession rate. Other categories of employees are also issued with dry tea at 6. 0 kg per annum, at actual cost of production. Best Plucker Award: Workers engaged on plucking who harvest the maximum crop in each estate is presented with prizes. Gift to Retiring Employees: Employees retiring from service are, in addition to the gratuity, issued with a watch as gift from the Company and staffs are granted Transport Allowance to transport their personal effects to their native place. Cash Award: Children of company employees coming among the first three toppers of High Range School in Class X and Class XII Board examinations are given cash awards. Project Works: Requests from children of employees pursuing their Degree/P. G. course for project works/internship are considered, and they are given opportunity and guidance in the Company’s establishments. KDHP Scholarship: Awarded to one student each year after Class XII for higher studies. TARGETED CUSTOMERS: The Indian branded tea market is dominated by multinationals like Hindustan Lever, Tata Global Beverages, Brook band etc. Kanan Devan Hills Plantations Company Private Limited has already entered into the Kerala State Market by its branded tea by name â€Å"RIPPLE†. In the year, 2010-2011 it has earned Export revenue of about Rs. 11 crores. In addition to its destination of exports to Iran, Iraq and U. K. markets, it is also exploring the markets of Russia, Pakistan and Bangladesh. FUTURE GOALS: The company is also exploring the opportunities in acquiring tea estates in Ethiopia, Argentina and Vietnam. The company has also managed a tea plantation in Ethiopia with its knowledge of tea cultivation and manufacture. COMPETITORS: †¢ Since marketing of tea is mostly done through Auctions the quality of tea is the parameter to get a sale in the auction. This company maintains it quality for marketing of tea in the auction centres. It also enters into branded tea market; however it takes every effort to compete with the established brands of tea available in the market. ACHIEVEMENTS RECOGNITION: †¢ The Company’s product has been selected for year after year for Golden Leaf India Award in the Southern Tea Competition held in India and Dubai. †¢ It has been awarded by the Kerala State for Energy conservati on. This was achieved by using CFL bulbs in its establishments and employees quarters and also by fitting fuel efficient tractor engines to its 150 add tractors. COMPARISON AND SALES: [pic] [pic] CHALLENGES: Tea cultivation depends on climate. Any variation in climate will affect the yield of tea plantations. †¢ Tea always have cyclical nature of production every third year. †¢ Tea companies have to undergo several Employee welfare scheme under the Plantation Labour Rules and accordingly its expenditure on wages, maintenance of employees residential buildings, free medical aid to its employees, etc. which consumes considerable amount of its revenue. †¢ Low cost tea imported from Sri Lanka and Kenya †¢ Mechanisation of all its operations as impossible due to the terrain of land (hilly terrain)